VenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaVenezuelaOrdinance of 28 March 2018 on measures against Venezuela (RS 946.231.178.5), Annex 1Verordnung vom 28. März 2018 über Massnahmen gegenüber Venezuela (SR 946.231.178.5), Anhang 1Ordonnance du 28 mars 2018 instituant des mesures à l'encontre du Venezuela (RS 946.231.178.5), annexe 1Ordinanza del 28 marzo 2018 che istituisce provvedimenti nei confronti del Venezuela (RS 946.231.178.5), allegato 1art. 2 para. 1 (Financial sanctions) and art. 3 para. 1 (Travelban)Art. 2 Abs. 1 (Finanzsanktionen) und Art. 3 Abs. 1 (Ein- und Durchreiseverbot)art. 2, al. 1 (Sanctions financières) et art. 3, al. 1 (Interdiction de séjour et de transit)art. 2 cpv. 1 (Sanzioni finanziarie) e art. 3 cpv. 1 (Divieto di entrata e di transito)EU38373DomingoAntonioHernández LárezVenezuela6133376VenezuelaStrategic Operational Commander of the National Bolivarian Armed Forces of Venezuela (FANB) since 2021. The FANB was implicated in human rights violations during the repressions of peaceful demonstrations following the 28 July 2024 presidential election.In his role as Strategic Operational Commander of the FANB, Domingo Antonio Hernández Lárez is responsible for the integration, planning, programming, direction, execution, supervision, command and strategic operational control of security operations. Through his direct chain of command, he is responsible for human rights violations committed by members of the FANB, including killings, arbitrary arrests and repression of the opposition.Strategic Operational Commander of the National Bolivarian Armed Forces of Venezuela (FANB)38373SocorroElizabethHernández De HernándezMember (Rector) of the National Electoral Council (CNE) until 12 June 2020 and member of the National Electoral Board (JNE). Responsible for the CNE’s activities which have undermined democracy in Venezuela, including facilitating the establishment of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly and manipulation of the electoral process in relation to a cancelled presidential recall election in 2016, postponement of gubernatorial elections in 2016, and the relocation of polling stations at short notice before gubernatorial elections in 2017.SocorroElizabethHernández De HernándezSocorroElizabethHernándezNOT SUBJECT TO TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS ACCORDING TO ARTICLE 3(1) UNTIL 10 JANUARY 202538373SandraOblitas RuzzaMinister of University Education until August 2024. Rector of the Universidad Bolivariana de Venezuela appointed in July 2020. Former Vice President of the National Electoral Council (CNE) and former President of the Commission of the Electoral and Civilian Register. Responsible for CNE activities which have undermined democracy in Venezuela, including by facilitating the establishment of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly and the manipulation of the electoral process.Minister of University Education until August 2024. Rector of the Universidad Bolivariana de Venezuela appointed in July 2020. Former Vice President of the National Electoral Council (CNE) and former President of the Commission of the Electoral and Civilian Register. Responsible for CNE activities which have undermined democracy in Venezuela, including by facilitating the establishment of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly and the manipulation of the electoral process.Minister of University Education. Former Rector of the Universidad Bolivariana de Venezuela. Former Vice President of the National Electoral Council (CNE) and former President of the Commission of the Electoral and Civilian Register. Responsible for CNE activities which have undermined democracy in Venezuela, including by facilitating the establishment of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly and the manipulation of the electoral process.38373XavierAntonioMoreno ReyesSecretary-General of the National Electoral Council (CNE) from 2009 until June 2020. In that role, Moreno Reyes facilitated, legitimised and gave credibility to CNE decisions, since the Secretary-General of the CNE has a role in agenda-setting and formalising decisions. Moreno Reyes remained Secretary-General of CNE while democracy was severely undermined and the independent role of the CNE within the electoral process was compromised. He is therefore responsible for undermining democracy in Venezuela, including facilitating the establishment of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly and the manipulation of the electoral process.NOT SUBJECT TO TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS ACCORDING TO ARTICLE 3(1) UNTIL 10 JANUARY 202538373AntonioJoséMeneses RodríguezVenezuelaV14316687VenezuelaCédulaSecretary-General of the National Electoral Council of Venezuela (CNE) since August 2023. In this role, Antonio José Meneses Rodríguez delayed the processes in the electoral centers and forbade the acceptance of messages from the opposition addressed to the CNE revealing irregularities. Before assuming his function at the CNE, he signed a document of the Supreme Audit Office confirming the suspension of the electoral rights of opposition leader María Corina Machado.Therefore, Antonio José Meneses Rodríguez is responsible for undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela.Secretary-General of the National Electoral Council of Venezuela (CNE)38373ElioRamónEstrada ParedesVenezuela6857541VenezuelaCédulaCommander of the Bolivarian National Guard (GNB) since July 2023.As commander of the GNB, Elio Ramón Estrada Paredes was involved in serious human rights violations, including arbitrary detention, torture and cruel and inhuman treatment, and the repression of civil society and democratic opposition in Venezuela following the 28 July 2024 presidential election.Prior to his appointment as Commander of the GNB in July 2023, Elio Ramón Estrada Paredes led the Bolivarian National Police Corps (PNB) from May 2019 to July 2023, overseeing operations that resulted in human rights violations.Therefore, Elio Ramón Estrada Paredes is responsible for serious human rights violations and repression of civil society and democratic opposition in Venezuela.Commander of the Bolivarian National Guard of Venezuela (GNB)38373MalaquíasGil RodríguezVenezuela5352190VenezuelaCédulaJudge serving as the President of the Political-Administrative Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ) since 2022. In this position, Malaquías Gil Rodríguez was involved in the decision by the Chamber to disqualify opposition leader María Corina Machado as candidate in the presidential election of 28 July 2024, in January 2024.Therefore, the actions of Malaquías Gil Rodríguez have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela.Judge, President of the Political-Administrative Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ)38373ConradoRamónPérez BriceñoVenezuela4323185VenezuelaCédulaPrincipal Rector of the National Electoral Council (CNE) of Venezuela since October 2024. He joined the CNE as alternate Rector and Member of the National Electoral Board of the CNE in August 2023.In his roles as alternate Rector and Member of the National Electoral Board of the CNE, Conrado Ramón Pérez Briceño participated in the decisions by the CNE in relation to the management of the electoral process, which impeded a transparent electoral process and the release of accurate election results and thus played a crucial role in the management of the presidential election of 28 July 2024.Therefore, his actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela.Principal Rector of the National Electoral Council (CNE) of Venezuela38373LuisErnestoDueñez ReyesVenezuela18880942VenezuelaCédulaAssistant Prosecutor in the Venezuelan Public Prosecutor’s office. In this role, Luis Ernesto Dueñez Reyes was involved in the political prosecution of Edmundo González Urrutia, presidential candidate of the democratic opposition.Edmundo González Urrutia is being prosecuted for multiple political “crimes”, as a result of which he was forced into exile.Therefore, the actions of Luis Ernesto Dueñez Reyes have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela.Assistant Prosecutor, Public Prosecutor’s Office of Venezuela38373IvánHernández DalaMajor-General in FANB. Director-General of the Directorate-General for Military Counterintelligence (DGCIM) between January 2014 and October 2024 and Head of the Presidential Guard between September 2015 and October 2024. As Head of the DGCIM, Iván Hernández Dala is responsible for the repression of civil society and democratic opposition and for serious human rights violations committed by members of the DGCIM under his command, including torture, the use of excessive force and the ill-treatment of detainees.Major-General in FANB. Director-General of the Directorate-General for Military Counterintelligence (DGCIM) between January 2014 and October 2024 and Head of the Presidential Guard between September 2015 and October 2024. As Head of the DGCIM, Iván Hernández Dala is responsible for the repression of civil society and democratic opposition and for serious human rights violations committed by members of the DGCIM under his command, including torture, the use of excessive force and the ill-treatment of detainees.Major-General in FANB. Director-General of Military Counter-Intelligence (DGCIM) since Jan 2014 and Head of the Presidential Guard since Sep 2015. As Head of the DGCIM, Iván Hernández Dala is responsible for the repression of civil society and democratic opposition and for serious human rights violations committed by members of the DGCIM under his command, including torture, the use of excessive force and the ill-treatment of detainees.38373EdwardMiguelBriceño CisnerosVenezuelaV-17514632VenezuelaCédulaSpecial Judge of the First Court of First Instance with jurisdiction over cases related to crimes associated with terrorism, and competence to hear crimes associated with corruption and organised crime. In this role, Edward Miguel Briceño Cisneros issued an arrest warrant on 2 September 2024 against Edmundo González Urrutia, presidential candidate of the democratic opposition.Edmundo González Urrutia is being prosecuted for multiple political “crimes”, as a result of which he was forced into exile.Therefore, Edward Miguel Briceño Cisneros is responsible for the repression of the democratic opposition in Venezuela and his actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela.Special Judge, First Court of First Instance of Venezuela38373DiosdadoCabello RondónMinister of the Interior, Justice and Peace since August 2024. Member of the non-democratically elected National Assembly, former President of the Constituent Assembly and First Vice-President of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV). Involved in undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela and the repression of civil society and democratic opposition, including by using the media to publicly attack and threaten political opposition, other media and civil society and giving orders to detain individuals, including to the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN).Minister of the Interior, Justice and Peace since August 2024. Member of the non-democratically elected National Assembly, former President of the Constituent Assembly and First Vice-President of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV). Involved in undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela and the repression of civil society and democratic opposition, including by using the media to publicly attack and threaten political opposition, other media and civil society and giving orders to detain individuals, including to the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN).Member of the non-democratically elected National Assembly, former President of the Constituent Assembly and First Vice-President of the United Socialist Party of Venezuela (PSUV). Involved in undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela and the repression of civil society and democratic opposition, including by using the media to publicly attack and threaten political opposition, other media and civil society and giving orders to detain individuals, including to the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN).38373InocencioAntonioFigueroa ArizaletaVenezuela5016509VenezuelaCédulaJudge at the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ). In this role, he supported the Electoral Chamber of the TSJ in certifying the win of Nicolás Maduro in the 28 July 2024 presidential election, although the TSJ did not divulge detailed voting data on which its ruling was based and despite irregularities in the management of the electoral process by the National Electoral Council (CNE).Therefore, the actions of Inocencio Antonio Figueroa Arizaleta have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela.Judge at the Constitutional Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ)38373MiguelAntonioMuñoz PalaciosVenezuela6186648VenezuelaDeputy Director of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN) since 2021. SEBIN Officials under his supervision have committed acts of arbitrary detention, torture and cruel and inhuman treatment, including sexual violence, in “El Helicoide” detention centre, a SEBIN prison.As Deputy Director of SEBIN Miguel Antonio Muñoz Palacios is therefore responsible for serious human rights violations, including arbitrary detention, inhuman and degrading treatment, torture, and the repression of civil society and the democratic opposition in Venezuela.Deputy Director of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN)38373JesúsEmilioVásquez QuinteroV-7422049VenezuelaFormer President of the Court Martial and the Military Criminal Judicial Circuit (September 2021 – August 2024). Division General since 5 July 2019 and former Attorney General of the Military Prosecutor’s Office (December 2017 – 17 September 2021). As Attorney General of the Military Prosecutor’s Office, responsible for undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. The Military Prosecutor’s Office has been linked to internal judicial prosecution in the Armed Forces, and failures to investigate incidents, including the case of the death of Captain Acosta in 2019. Moreover, military justice is being applied to civilians.Former President of the Court Martial and the Military Criminal Judicial Circuit (September 2021 – August 2024). Division General since 5 July 2019 and former Attorney General of the Military Prosecutor’s Office (December 2017 – 17 September 2021). As Attorney General of the Military Prosecutor’s Office, responsible for undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. The Military Prosecutor’s Office has been linked to internal judicial prosecution in the Armed Forces, and failures to investigate incidents, including the case of the death of Captain Acosta in 2019. Moreover, military justice is being applied to civilians.President of the Court Martial and the Military Criminal Judicial Circuit since 17 Sep 2021. Division General since 5 Jul 2019 and former Attorney General of the Military Prosecutor’s Office (Dec 2017 - 17 Sep 2021). As Attorney General of the Military Prosecutor’s Office, responsible for undermining democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. The Military Prosecutor’s Office has been linked to internal judicial prosecution in the Armed Forces, and failures to investigate incidents, including the case of the death of Captain Acosta in 2019. Moreover, military justice is being applied to civilians.38373LeonardoEnriqueMorales PoleoFormer Vice-President of the National Electoral Council (Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE)) and President of the Political Participation and Financing Commission (August 2020 – May 2021). Leonardo Enrique Morales Poleo was appointed Vice-President of the CNE and President of the Political Participation and Financing Commission on 7 August 2020 by the Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)) although this prerogative belongs to the National Assembly. Moreover, just prior to his appointment he served in the Advanced Progressive Party (Avanzada progresista). As member (rector) and Vice-President of the CNE, he fully took part in the decision-making process of the CNE. He supported and facilitated the supervision of the electoral process that led to the non-democratic elections of the National Assembly on 6 December 2020. His actions have therefore further undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. Leonardo Enrique Morales Poleo accepted to be appointed to the CNE and remained in his position as Vice-President of the CNE while democracy was severely undermined in Venezuela.Former Vice-President of the National Electoral Council (Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE)) and President of the Political Participation and Financing Commission (August 2020 – May 2021). Leonardo Enrique Morales Poleo was appointed Vice-President of the CNE and President of the Political Participation and Financing Commission on 7 August 2020 by the Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)) although this prerogative belongs to the National Assembly. Moreover, just prior to his appointment he served in the Advanced Progressive Party (Avanzada progresista). As member (rector) and Vice-President of the CNE, he fully took part in the decision-making process of the CNE. He supported and facilitated the supervision of the electoral process that led to the non-democratic elections of the National Assembly on 6 December 2020. His actions have therefore further undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. Leonardo Enrique Morales Poleo accepted to be appointed to the CNE and remained in his position as Vice-President of the CNE while democracy was severely undermined in Venezuela.Former Vice-President of the National Electoral Council (Consejo Nacional Electoral (CNE)) and President of the Political Participation and Financing Commission (August 2020–May 2021). Leonardo Enrique Morales Poleo was appointed Vice-President of the CNE and President of the Political Participation and Financing Commission on 7 August 2020 by the Supreme Court (Tribunal Supremo de Justicia (TSJ)) although this prerogative belongs to the National Assembly. Moreover, just prior to his appointment he served in the Advanced Progressive Party (Avanzada progresista). As member (rector) and Vice-President of the CNE, he fully took part in the decision-making process of the CNE. He supported and facilitated the supervision of the electoral process that led to the non-democratic elections of the National Assembly on 6 December 2020. His actions have therefore further undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela. Leonardo Enrique Morales Poleo accepted to be appointed to the CNE and remained in his position as Vice-President of the CNE while democracy was severely undermined in Venezuela.NOT SUBJECT TO TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS ACCORDING TO ARTICLE 3(1) UNTIL 10 JANUARY 202538373NéstorLuisReverol TorresPresident of the Zuliana Region Development Corporation (Corpozulia) since April 2024. Former Minister for Electrical Energy (October 2020 – April 2024), Vice-President of Public Works and Services and Executive Secretary of the Electrical General Staff (April 2019 – April 2024). Minister for Interior, Justice and Peace from 2016 until October 2020. General in Chief of the Bolivarian National Guard since August 2020. Responsible for serious human rights violations, including the torture of (political) prisoners, and the repression of the democratic opposition in Venezuela, including the prohibition and repression of political demonstrations, committed by security forces under his command.President of the Zuliana Region Development Corporation (Corpozulia) since April 2024. Former Minister for Electrical Energy (October 2020 – April 2024), Vice-President of Public Works and Services and Executive Secretary of the Electrical General Staff (April 2019 – April 2024). Minister for Interior, Justice and Peace from 2016 until October 2020. General in Chief of the Bolivarian National Guard since August 2020. Responsible for serious human rights violations, including the torture of (political) prisoners, and the repression of the democratic opposition in Venezuela, including the prohibition and repression of political demonstrations, committed by security forces under his command.Minister for Electrical Energy since Oct 2020, Vice-President of Public Works and Services and Executive Secretary of the Electrical General Staff since Apr 2019. Minister for Interior, Justice and Peace from 2016 until Oct 2020. General in Chief of the Bolivarian National Guard since Aug 2020. Responsible for serious human rights violations, including the torture of (political) prisoners, and the repression of the democratic opposition in Venezuela, including the prohibition and repression of political demonstrations, committed by security forces under his command.38373DelcyEloinaRodríguez GómezVice-President of Venezuela, and since August 2024, Minister of Oil. Former Minister of the Economy, Finances and Trade. Former President of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly and former member of the Presidential Commission for the illegitimate National Constituent Assembly. Her actions in the Presidential Commission and then as President of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including usurping the powers of the National Assembly and using them to target the opposition and to prevent them from taking part in the political process.Vice-President of Venezuela, and since August 2024, Minister of Oil. Former Minister of the Economy, Finances and Trade. Former President of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly and former member of the Presidential Commission for the illegitimate National Constituent Assembly. Her actions in the Presidential Commission and then as President of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including usurping the powers of the National Assembly and using them to target the opposition and to prevent them from taking part in the political process.Vice-President of Venezuela, Minister of the Economy, Finances and Trade. Former President of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly and former member of the Presidential Commission for the illegitimate National Constituent Assembly. Her actions in the Presidential Commission and then as President of the illegitimate Constituent Assembly have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including usurping the powers of the National Assembly and using them to target the opposition and to prevent them from taking part in the political process.38373RafaelRamónBlanco MarreroV-6250588VenezuelaInspector-General of the Venezuelan Bolivarian National Army since July 2023. Former Division General of the Venezuelan Bolivarian National Army (July 2019 – July 2023). Former deputy Director of the Directorate-General of Military Counter-Intelligence (Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar (DGCIM)). Responsible for serious human rights violations, including torture, the use of excessive force and the mistreatment of detainees in DGCIM facilities, that were committed by DGCIM officials under his command. Linked to the death of Captain Acosta.Inspector-General of the Venezuelan Bolivarian National Army since July 2023. Former Division General of the Venezuelan Bolivarian National Army (July 2019 – July 2023). Former deputy Director of the Directorate-General of Military Counter-Intelligence (Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar (DGCIM)). Responsible for serious human rights violations, including torture, the use of excessive force and the mistreatment of detainees in DGCIM facilities, that were committed by DGCIM officials under his command. Linked to the death of Captain Acosta.Division General of the Venezuelan Bolivarian National Army since 5 Jul 2019. Former deputy Director of the Directorate-General of Military Counter-Intelligence (Dirección General de Contrainteligencia Militar (DGCIM)). Responsible for serious human rights violations, including torture, the use of excessive force and the mistreatment of detainees in DGCIM facilities, that were committed by DGCIM officials under his command. Linked to the death of Captain Acosta.38373ElvisEduardoHidrobo AmorosoV-7659695VenezuelaPresident of the National Electoral Commission of Venezuela (CNE) since 24 August 2023. Former Comptroller-General (between 23 October 2018 and August 2023), and former First and Second Vice-President of the non-recognised National Constituent Assembly (ANC). His actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including by banning opposition members from holding public office for 15 years and leading the non-recognised ANC, signing the “law against hatred”, justifying the removal of a legally-elected opposition governor, banning Juan Guaidó from running for any public office, and announcing the results of the Presidential election held in July 2024, without the CNE under his leadership publishing the official voting records of polling stations.President of the National Electoral Commission of Venezuela (CNE) since 24 August 2023. Former Comptroller-General (between 23 October 2018 and August 2023), and former First and Second Vice-President of the non-recognised National Constituent Assembly (ANC). His actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including by banning opposition members from holding public office for 15 years and leading the non-recognised ANC, signing the “law against hatred”, justifying the removal of a legally-elected opposition governor, banning Juan Guaidó from running for any public office, and announcing the results of the Presidential election held in July 2024, without the CNE under his leadership publishing the official voting records of polling stations.President of the National Electoral Commission of Venezuela since 24 August 2023. Former Comptroller General (between 23 October 2018 and August 2023), and former First and Second Vice-President of the non-recognised National Constituent Assembly (ANC). His actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela, including by banning opposition members from holding public office for 15 years and leading the non-recognised ANC, signing the “law against hatred”, justifying the removal of a legally-elected opposition governor and banning Juan Guaidó from running for any public office.NOT SUBJECT TO TRAVEL RESTRICTIONS ACCORDING TO ARTICLE 3(1) UNTIL 10 JANUARY 202538373CarysliaBeatrizRodríguez RodríguezVenezuela8671555VenezuelaCédulaPresident of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ) and President of the Electoral Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela since January 2024. In her function as President of the Electoral Chamber, Caryslia Beatriz Rodríguez Rodríguez is responsible for declaring the proclaimed win of Nicolás Maduro in the 28 July 2024 presidential election as indisputable, although the TSJ did not divulge the detailed voting data on which its ruling was based and despite irregularities in the management of the electoral process by the National Electoral Council (CNE).In her capacity as President of the Electoral Chamber of the TSJ, she is also responsible for interfering in the opposition primary elections, hence obstructing the opposition’s preparation for the July 2024 presidential election.Therefore, the actions of Caryslia Beatriz Rodríguez Rodríguez have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela.President of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ) and President of the Electoral Chamber of the TSJ38373CarlosEnriqueQuintero CuevasVenezuela10719241VenezuelaVice President of the National Electoral Council of Venezuela (CNE). As Vice President of the CNE, Carlos Enrique Quintero Cuevas fully took part in the decision-making process of the CNE which impeded a transparent electoral process and the release of accurate election results and thus played a crucial role in the management of the presidential election of 28 July 2024.Therefore, his actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela.Vice President of the National Electoral Council of Venezuela (CNE)38373RosalbaGil PachecoVenezuela6186648VenezuelaCédulaPrincipal Rector of the National Electoral Council of Venezuela (CNE) and President of the Civil and Electoral Registry Commission, and Member of the Political Participation and Financing Commission of the National Electoral Council (CNE) of Venezuela since August 2023.In her role as principal Rector of the CNE, Rosalba Gil Pacheco participated in the decisions by the CNE in relation to the management of the electoral process which has impeded a transparent electoral process and the release of accurate election results and thus played a crucial role in the management of the presidential election of 28 July 2024.Therefore, her actions have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela.Principal Rector of the National Electoral Council of Venezuela (CNE) and President of the Civil and Electoral Registry Commission, and Member of the Political Participation and Financing Commission of the CNE38373GustavoEnriqueGonzález LópezGeneral Director of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN) between April 2019 and October 2024. Security and Intelligence Adviser to President Maduro since January 2019, and General Director of SEBIN from February 2014 to October 2018. During the times he has served as SEBIN director, officials under his ultimate authority committed acts of arbitrary detention, torture and cruel and inhuman treatment, including sexual violence, in El Helicoide detention centre. As General Director of SEBIN, he is responsible for serious human rights violations, including arbitrary detention, inhuman and degrading treatment, and torture, and the repression of civil society and the democratic opposition in Venezuela.General Director of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN) between April 2019 and October 2024. Security and Intelligence Adviser to President Maduro since January 2019, and General Director of SEBIN from February 2014 to October 2018. During the times he has served as SEBIN director, officials under his ultimate authority committed acts of arbitrary detention, torture and cruel and inhuman treatment, including sexual violence, in El Helicoide detention centre. As General Director of SEBIN, he is responsible for serious human rights violations, including arbitrary detention, inhuman and degrading treatment, and torture, and the repression of civil society and the democratic opposition in Venezuela.Reappointed as General Director of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN) on 30 Apr 2019. Security and Intelligence Adviser to President Maduro since Jan 2019 and General Director of SEBIN from Feb 2014 to Oct 2018. During the times he has served as SEBIN director, officials under his ultimate authority committed acts of arbitrary detention, torture and cruel and inhuman treatment, including sexual violence, in El Helicoide detention centre. As General Director of SEBIN, he is responsible for serious human rights violations, including arbitrary detention, inhuman and degrading treatment, and torture, and the repression of civil society and the democratic opposition in Venezuela.38373RemigioCeballos IchasoV-6557495VenezuelaFormer Minister of the Interior and Justice of Venezuela (August 2021 – August 2024) and Vice-President of the Government for Citizen Security. Former Commander of the Operational and Strategic Command of the Bolivarian National Armed Forces of Venezuela (Comando Estratégico Operacional Fuerzas Armadas Nacionales Bolivarianas (CEOFANB)), the highest organ in the Venezuelan Armed Forces (June 2017 – July 2021). CEOFANB controls the Bolivarian National Armed Forces (FANB) and the Bolivarian National Guard. CEOFANB is also responsible for coordinating FANB interventions in demonstrations. In his position as Commander of CEOFANB, he was responsible for serious human rights violations, including the use of excessive force and inhuman and degrading treatment by officials of the FANB and by subordinate forces under his command, including the Bolivarian National Guard. Various sources, including the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, attribute human rights violations to FANB and the Bolivarian National Guard.Former Minister of the Interior and Justice of Venezuela (August 2021 – August 2024) and Vice-President of the Government for Citizen Security. Former Commander of the Operational and Strategic Command of the Bolivarian National Armed Forces of Venezuela (Comando Estratégico Operacional Fuerzas Armadas Nacionales Bolivarianas (CEOFANB)), the highest organ in the Venezuelan Armed Forces (June 2017 – July 2021). CEOFANB controls the Bolivarian National Armed Forces (FANB) and the Bolivarian National Guard. CEOFANB is also responsible for coordinating FANB interventions in demonstrations. In his position as Commander of CEOFANB, he was responsible for serious human rights violations, including the use of excessive force and inhuman and degrading treatment by officials of the FANB and by subordinate forces under his command, including the Bolivarian National Guard. Various sources, including the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, attribute human rights violations to FANB and the Bolivarian National Guard.Since Aug 2021, Minister of the Interior and Justice of Venezuela and Vice-President of the Government for Citizen Security. Former Commander of the Operational and Strategic Command of the Bolivarian National Armed Forces of Venezuela (Comando Estratégico Operacional Fuerzas Armadas Nacionales Bolivarianas (CEOFANB)), the highest organ in the Venezuelan Armed Forces (Jun 2017–Jul 2021). CEOFANB controls the Bolivarian National Armed Forces (FANB) and the Bolivarian National Guard. CEOFANB is also responsible for coordinating FANB interventions in demonstrations. In his position as Commander of CEOFANB, he was responsible for serious human rights violations, including the use of excessive force and inhuman and degrading treatment by officials of the FANB and by subordinate forces under his command, including the Bolivarian National Guard. Various sources, including the Independent International Fact-Finding Mission on the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, attribute human rights violations to FANB and the Bolivarian National Guard.38373SergioJoséRivero MarcanoInspector General of the Bolivarian National Armed Forces (FANB) until July 2023, General Commander of the Bolivarian National Guard until 16 January 2018, placed in “active reserve” in July 2023. Involved in the repression of civil society and democratic opposition in Venezuela, and responsible for serious human rights violations committed by the Bolivarian National Guard under his command, including the excessive use of force, and the arbitrary detention and abuse of civil society and opposition members. His actions and policies as General Commander of the Bolivarian National Guard, including the Bolivarian National Guard assaulting members of the democratically elected National Assembly and intimidating journalists reporting on the fraudulent elections for the illegitimate Constituent Assembly, have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela.Inspector General of the Bolivarian National Armed Forces (FANB) until July 2023, General Commander of the Bolivarian National Guard until 16 January 2018, placed in “active reserve” in July 2023. Involved in the repression of civil society and democratic opposition in Venezuela, and responsible for serious human rights violations committed by the Bolivarian National Guard under his command, including the excessive use of force, and the arbitrary detention and abuse of civil society and opposition members. His actions and policies as General Commander of the Bolivarian National Guard, including the Bolivarian National Guard assaulting members of the democratically elected National Assembly and intimidating journalists reporting on the fraudulent elections for the illegitimate Constituent Assembly, have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela.Inspector General of the Bolivarian National Armed Forces (FANB), General Commander of the Bolivarian National Guard until 16 January 2018, placed in “active reserve” in July 2023. Involved in the repression of civil society and democratic opposition in Venezuela, and responsible for serious human rights violations committed by the Bolivarian National Guard under his command, including the excessive use of force, and the arbitrary detention and abuse of civil society and opposition members. His actions and policies as General Commander of the Bolivarian National Guard, including the Bolivarian National Guard assaulting members of the democratically elected National Assembly and intimidating journalists reporting on the fraudulent elections for the illegitimate Constituent Assembly, have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela.38373FannyBeatrizMárquez CorderoVenezuela6272864VenezuelaCédulaVice President of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ) and of the Electoral Chamber of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela. In this role, Fanny Beatriz Márquez Cordero was involved in the certification by the TSJ of Nicolás Maduro’s win in the 28 July 2024 presidential election, although the TSJ did not divulge the detailed voting data on which its ruling was based and despite irregularities in the management of the electoral process by the National Electoral Council (CNE).Therefore, the actions of Fanny Beatriz Márquez Cordero have undermined democracy and the rule of law in Venezuela.Vice President of the Supreme Court of Justice of Venezuela (TSJ) and of the Electoral Chamber of the TSJ38373AlexisJoséRodríguez CabelloVenezuelaV-8959785VenezuelaCédulaDirector of the Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN). He was appointed by Nicolás Maduro in that function on 14 October 2024.The SEBIN has been involved in serious human rights violations, such as extrajudicial killings, arbitrary detentions, and the repression of the democratic opposition in Venezuela.As director of the SEBIN, Alexis José Rodríguez Cabello is responsible for serious human rights violations and abuses, and repression of civil society and democratic opposition in Venezuela.Director, Bolivarian National Intelligence Service (SEBIN)38373AsdrúbalJoséBrito HernándezVenezuelaDirector of the Criminal Investigations department (DEIPC) of the Directorate-General of Military Counterintelligence (DGCIM) since 2021.The DEIPC is in charge of conducting investigations and obtaining evidence against dissidents and opponents, as well as developing dossiers with information on potential targets. It also carries out arrests against such targets and leads interrogations of detainees in Boleíta, the headquarters of DGCIM and known location of especially high numbers of human rights violations and crimes, especially torture.As Director of the DEIPC, Asdrúbal José Brito Hernández is therefore responsible for serious human rights violations, including torture, excessive use of force and ill-treatment of detainees in DGCIM facilities carried out by members of the DEIPC under his command, particularly at Boleíta Detention Centre.Director of the Criminal Investigations department (DEIPC)CaracasVenezuelaCaracasDistrito CapitalVenezuelaCaracheEstado TrujilloVenezuelaSan CristobalVenezuelaMaracayAraguaVenezuelaTrujillo StateVenezuela