CongoKongoCongoCongoOrdinance of 22 June 2005 on measures against the Democratic Republic of Congo (SR 946.231.12), annexes 1 and 2Verordnung vom 22. Juni 2005 über Massnahmen gegenüber der Demokratischen Republik Kongo (SR 946.231.12), Anhänge 1 und 2Ordonnance du 22 juin 2005 instituant des mesures à l’encontre de la République démocratique du Congo (RS 946.231.12), annexes 1 et 2Ordinanza del 22 giugno 2005 che istituisce provvedimenti nei confronti della Repubblica democratica del Congo (RS 946.231.12), allegati 1 e 2article 2 (Financial sanctions) and 4 (Travel ban), annex 2Art. 2 Abs. 1 (Finanzsanktionen) und Art. 4 Abs. 1 und 3 (Ein- und Durchreiseverbot), Anhang 2art. 2, al. 1 (Sanctions financières) et art. 4, al. 1 et 3 (Interdiction de séjour et de transit), annexe 2art. 2 cpv. 1 (Sanzioni finanziarie) e art. 4 cpv. 1 e 3 (Divieto di entrata e di transito), allegato 2UN, EUCongoKongoCongoCongoOrdinance of 22 June 2005 on measures against the Democratic Republic of Congo (SR 946.231.12), annexes 1 and 2Verordnung vom 22. Juni 2005 über Massnahmen gegenüber der Demokratischen Republik Kongo (SR 946.231.12), Anhänge 1 und 2Ordonnance du 22 juin 2005 instituant des mesures à l’encontre de la République démocratique du Congo (RS 946.231.12), annexes 1 et 2Ordinanza del 22 giugno 2005 che istituisce provvedimenti nei confronti della Repubblica democratica del Congo (RS 946.231.12), allegati 1 e 2article 2 (Financial sanctions) and 4 (Travel ban), annex 1Art. 2 Abs. 1 (Finanzsanktionen) und Art. 4 Abs. 1 und 2 (Ein- und Durchreiseverbot), Anhang 1art. 2, al. 1 (Sanctions financières) et art. 4, al. 1 et 2 (Interdiction de séjour et de transit), annexe 1art. 2 cpv. 1 (Sanzioni finanziarie) e art. 4 cpv. 1 e 2 (Divieto di entrata e di transito), allegato 1UN, EU38066TipiJosephNganzoOlikwaColonel Tipi Ziro ZiroJoseph NgadjoleJoseph Nganzole OlikwaCongo DR1-77-96-32692-76Congo DRMilitary ID numberJoseph Nganzo Olikwa Tipi was Commander of the 312th battalion of the 31st Main Defence Brigade of the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC) until January 2022.Forces of the 312th battalion under his command and responsibility have committed attacks on civilians and serious human rights violations, in particular rapes of women between June and December 2021.Joseph Nganzo Olikwa Tipi remains a high-ranking officer in the FARDC, as Colonel and Deputy Commander of the 12th Rapid Reaction Brigade in Minembwe (South Kivu), in charge of administration and logistics.Owing to his functions, he bears responsibility for recent human rights violations committed by the FARDC.Joseph Nganzo Olikwa Tipi is therefore involved in planning, directing or committing acts that constitute serious human rights violations or abuses in the DRC.Rank: Colonel of the FARDCPosition: Deputy Commander of the 12th Rapid Reaction Brigade in Minembwe, former Commander of the 312th battalion of the 31st Main Defence BrigadeJoseph Nganzo Olikwa Tipi was Commander of the 312th battalion of the 31st Main Defence Brigade of the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC) until January 2022.Forces of the 312th battalion under his command and responsibility have committed attacks on civilians and serious human rights violations, in particular rapes of women between June and December 2021.Joseph Nganzo Olikwa Tipi remains a high-ranking officer in the FARDC, as Colonel and Deputy Commander of the 12th Rapid Reaction Brigade in Minembwe (South Kivu), in charge of administration and logistics.Owing to his functions, he bears responsibility for recent human rights violations committed by the FARDC.Joseph Nganzo Olikwa Tipi is therefore involved in planning, directing or committing acts that constitute serious human rights violations or abuses in the DRC.Joseph Nganzo Olikwa Tipi was Commander of the 312th battalion of the 31st Main Defence Brigade of the Armed Forces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC) until January 2022. Forces of the 312th battalion under his command and responsibility have committed attacks on civilians and serious human rights violations, in particular rapes of women between June and December 2021.Joseph Nganzo Olikwa Tipi remains a high-ranking officer in the FARDC, as Colonel and Deputy Commander of the 12th Rapid Reaction Brigade in Minembwe (South Kivu). Owing to his functions, he bears responsibility for recent human rights violations committed by the FARDC.Joseph Nganzo Olikwa Tipi is therefore involved in planning, directing or committing acts that constitute serious human rights violations or abuses in the DRC.38066RurakabijePierreCelestinNgaboGuillaumeBagdadSimba GuillaumeSamba GuillaumeNgabo SimbaRwandaPierre Celestin Rurakabije holds a leading position as Deputy Commander within the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda – Forces Combattantes Abacunguzi (FDLR-FOCA), a non-governmental armed group operating in Eastern DRC. In particular, he is the Deputy Commander of the “Commando de recherche et d’action en profondeur” (CRAP) of the FDLR-FOCA – considered as the commando and intelligence unit of the armed group.FDLR-FOCA is a largely Hutu armed group, some of whose leaders took part in the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. The FDLR-FOCA, including the CRAP unit, contributes to the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC, in particular through violence and serious human rights abuses, including attacks on civilians, killings, violence against children, rape and other acts of sexual violence.Owing to his leading position within the FDLR, Pierre Celestin Rurakabije is therefore involved in planning, directing or committing acts that constitute serious human rights violations or abuses in the DRC. He is also responsible for sustaining the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC.Function/rank: Deputy Commander of the “Commando de recherche et d’action en profondeur” (CRAP) of the Forces Démocratiques pour la Libération du Rwanda / Forces Combattantes Abacunguzi (FDLR/FOCA), Lieutenant-ColonelRurakabijePierreCelestinNgaboGuillaumeBagdadSimba GuillaumeSamba GuillaumeNgabo SimbaRwandaFunction/rank: Deputy Commander of the “Commando de recherche et d’action en profondeur” (CRAP) of the Forces Démocratiques pour la Libération du Rwanda / Forces Combattantes Abacunguzi (FDLR/FOCA), Lieutenant-ColonelRurakabijePierreCelestinNgaboGuillaumeBagdadSimba GuillaumeSamba GuillaumeNgabo SimbaLieutenant-ColonelRwandaFunction/rank: Deputy Commander of the “Commando de recherche et d’action en profondeur” (CRAP) of the Forces Démocratiques pour la Libération du Rwanda / Forces Combattantes Abacunguzi (FDLR/FOCA)38066GoetzAlainFrançoisVivianeBelgiumAlain Goetz is a businessman, who is the former beneficial owner and former director of African Gold Refinery Ltd, registered in Uganda. He was linked to African Gold Refinery Ltd as an advisor and promoter.Since 2016, African Gold Refinery Ltd has received, purchased, refined and traded illicit gold originating from mines in the DRC that are controlled by non-governmental armed groups, including the Mai-Mai Yakutumba and Raia Mutomboki, which are involved in destabilising activities in South Kivu province.Alain Goetz also retains gold-related interests in the region, in particular through Aldabra, a company he formerly controlled which, together with the Rwandan state-owned company Ngali Mining, invested in the Aldango gold refinery. Alain Goetz retains a financial interest in Aldabra insofar as the claim for damages he filed with the International Centre for Settlement of Trade Disputes is still pending.For all these reasons, Alain Goetz is exploiting the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC through the illicit exploitation and trade of natural resources.Alain Goetz is a businessman, who is the former beneficial owner and former director of African Gold Refinery Ltd, registered in Uganda. He was linked to African Gold Refinery Ltd as an advisor and promoter.Since 2016, African Gold Refinery Ltd has received, purchased, refined and traded illicit gold originating from mines in the DRC that are controlled by non-governmental armed groups, including the Mai-Mai Yakutumba and Raia Mutomboki, which are involved in destabilising activities in South Kivu province.Alain Goetz also retains gold-related interests in the region, in particular through Aldabra, a company he formerly controlled which, together with the Rwandan state-owned company Ngali Mining, invested in the Aldango gold refinery. Alain Goetz retains a financial interest in Aldabra insofar as the claim for damages he filed with the International Centre for Settlement of Trade Disputes is still pending.For all these reasons, Alain Goetz is exploiting the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC through the illicit exploitation and trade of natural resources.Alain Goetz is a businessman, who is the former beneficial owner and former director of African Gold Refinery Ltd, registered in Uganda. He remains linked to African Gold Refinery Ltd as an advisor and promoter. Since 2016, African Gold Refinery Ltd has received, purchased, refined and traded illicit gold originating from mines in the DRC that are controlled by non-governmental armed groups, including the Mai-Mai Yakutumba and Raia Mutomboki, which are involved in destabilising activities in South Kivu province. Alain Goetz also retains gold-related interests in the region through the company Aldabra, which he controls.For all these reasons, Alain Goetz is exploiting the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC through the illicit exploitation and trade of natural resources.38066KubwayoGustaveSirkoofSurkoofSirkoffSurcoufSurcoffSurcofSurkoufSyrkoffModesteSlycoveRwandaGustave Kubwayo holds a leading position as Commander in the Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda – Forces Combattantes Abacunguzi (FDLR-FOCA), an armed group operating in Eastern DRC. He leads the special unit “Commando de recherche et d’action en profondeur” (CRAP) of FDLR-FOCA – considered as the commando and intelligence unit of the armed group.FDLR-FOCA is a largely Hutu armed group, some of whose leaders took part in the 1994 genocide in Rwanda. FDLR-FOCA fighters, including the CRAP unit, have committed rape and other acts of sexual violence and killed civilians. FDLR-FOCA is systemically engaged in kidnappings for ransom, arbitrary detentions and executions of civilians and the recruitment of child combatants. The armed group is also involved in illegal logging, exploitation of natural resources such as charcoal, and illegally collected taxes at checkpoints.In his position as Commander of the CRAP unit, Gustave Kubwayo is involved in committing acts that constitute serious human rights violations or abuses in the DRC. He is also responsible for sustaining the armed conflict in the DRC.Function/rank: Commander of the “Commando de recherche et d’action en profondeur” (CRAP) of the Forces Démocratiques pour la Libération du Rwanda / Forces Combattantes Abacunguzi (FDLR/FOCA), ColonelKubwayoGustaveSirkoofSurkoofSirkoffSurcoufSurcoffSurcofSurkoufSyrkoffModesteSlycoveRwandaFunction/rank: Commander of the “Commando de recherche et d’action en profondeur” (CRAP) of the Forces Démocratiques pour la Libération du Rwanda / Forces Combattantes Abacunguzi (FDLR/FOCA), ColonelKubwayoGustaveSirkoofSurkoofSirkoffSurcoufSurcoffSurcofSurkoufSyrkoffModesteSlycoveColonelRwandaFunction/rank: Commander of the “Commando de recherche et d’action en profondeur” (CRAP) of the Forces Démocratiques pour la Libération du Rwanda / Forces Combattantes Abacunguzi (FDLR/FOCA)Bunia FatakiCongo DRKarago municipalityGisenyi prefectureRwandaDeurneAntwerpBelgiumNyabihu DistrictWestern ProvinceRwanda