CongoKongoCongoCongoOrdinance of 22 June 2005 on measures against the Democratic Republic of Congo (SR 946.231.12), annexes 1 and 2Verordnung vom 22. Juni 2005 über Massnahmen gegenüber der Demokratischen Republik Kongo (SR 946.231.12), Anhänge 1 und 2Ordonnance du 22 juin 2005 instituant des mesures à l’encontre de la République démocratique du Congo (RS 946.231.12), annexes 1 et 2Ordinanza del 22 giugno 2005 che istituisce provvedimenti nei confronti della Repubblica democratica del Congo (RS 946.231.12), allegati 1 e 2article 2 (Financial sanctions) and 4 (Travel ban), annex 2Art. 2 Abs. 1 (Finanzsanktionen) und Art. 4 Abs. 1 und 3 (Ein- und Durchreiseverbot), Anhang 2art. 2, al. 1 (Sanctions financières) et art. 4, al. 1 et 3 (Interdiction de séjour et de transit), annexe 2art. 2 cpv. 1 (Sanzioni finanziarie) e art. 4 cpv. 1 e 3 (Divieto di entrata e di transito), allegato 2UN, EUCongoKongoCongoCongoOrdinance of 22 June 2005 on measures against the Democratic Republic of Congo (SR 946.231.12), annexes 1 and 2Verordnung vom 22. Juni 2005 über Massnahmen gegenüber der Demokratischen Republik Kongo (SR 946.231.12), Anhänge 1 und 2Ordonnance du 22 juin 2005 instituant des mesures à l’encontre de la République démocratique du Congo (RS 946.231.12), annexes 1 et 2Ordinanza del 22 giugno 2005 che istituisce provvedimenti nei confronti della Repubblica democratica del Congo (RS 946.231.12), allegati 1 e 2article 2 (Financial sanctions) and 4 (Travel ban), annex 1Art. 2 Abs. 1 (Finanzsanktionen) und Art. 4 Abs. 1 und 2 (Ein- und Durchreiseverbot), Anhang 1art. 2, al. 1 (Sanctions financières) et art. 4, al. 1 et 2 (Interdiction de séjour et de transit), annexe 1art. 2 cpv. 1 (Sanzioni finanziarie) e art. 4 cpv. 1 e 2 (Divieto di entrata e di transito), allegato 1UN, EU38066SematamaCharlesSebanyanaCongo DRCharles Sematama is a former officer of the Congolese armed forces (FARDC) and holds the leading position of Commander and Military leader of the non-governmental armed group Twirwaneho operating in South Kivu, which claims to represent the Banyamulenge Community.Twirwaneho sustains the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC and is responsible for serious human rights abuses in that country, in particular through the voluntary or forced child recruitment to participate actively in hostilities, attacks against civilians and the Congolese armed forces (FARDC), and killings, such as attacks against civilians in Mikenge village in November 2021 which killed at least six persons.In addition, Charles Sematama has been directly involved in propaganda sessions as well as in the forced recruitment and use of children, including as armed escorts.Owing to his leading position in Twirwaneho and his direct involvement in the forced recruitment and use of children, Charles Sematama is therefore involved in planning, directing or committing acts that constitute serious human rights violations or abuses in the DRC. He is also responsible for sustaining the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC.Function/rank: Commander, Military leader of TwirwanehoCharles Sematama is a former officer of the Congolese armed forces (FARDC) and holds the leading position of Commander and Military leader of the non-governmental armed group Twirwaneho operating in South Kivu, which claims to represent the Banyamulenge Community.Twirwaneho sustains the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC and is responsible for serious human rights abuses in that country, in particular through the voluntary or forced child recruitment to participate actively in hostilities, attacks against civilians and the Congolese armed forces (FARDC), and killings, such as attacks against civilians in Mikenge village in November 2021 which killed at least six persons.In addition, Charles Sematama has been directly involved in propaganda sessions as well as in the forced recruitment and use of children, including as armed escorts.Owing to his leading position in Twirwaneho and his direct involvement in the forced recruitment and use of children, Charles Sematama is therefore involved in planning, directing or committing acts that constitute serious human rights violations or abuses in the DRC. He is also responsible for sustaining the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC.Function/rank: Commander, Military leader of TwirwanehoCharles Sematama is a former officer of the Congolese armed forces (FARDC) and holds the leading position of Commander and Deputy Military leader of the non-governmental armed group Twirwaneho operating in South Kivu, which claims to represent the Banyamulenge Community.Twirwaneho sustains the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC and is responsible for serious human rights abuses in that country, in particular through the voluntary or forced child recruitment to participate actively in hostilities, attacks against civilians and the Congolese armed forces (FARDC), and killings, such as attacks against civilians in Mikenge village in November 2021 which killed at least six persons.In addition, Charles Sematama has been directly involved in propaganda sessions as well as in the forced recruitment and use of children, including as armed escorts.Owing to his leading position in Twirwaneho and his direct involvement in the forced recruitment and use of children, Charles Sematama is therefore involved in planning, directing or committing acts that constitute serious human rights violations or abuses in the DRC. He is also responsible for sustaining the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC.Function/rank: Commander, Deputy military leader of Twirwaneho38066MusangaJustinGacheriMusangaGaceriCS BRAVO SIERRABRAVO THREEJustin Gacheri Musanga holds a leading position as Brigadier-General of the M23/ARC, a non-governmental armed group operating in Eastern DRC.The M23/ARC sustains the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC, in particular through inciting violence. In addition, it is responsible for serious human rights abuses, including killings, attacks and sexual violence against civilians, as well as child recruitment.Owing to his leading position in the M23/ARC, Justin Gacheri Musanga is therefore involved in planning, directing or committing acts that constitute serious human rights violations or abuses in the DRC. He is also responsible for sustaining the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC.Function/rank: Brigadier-General of the March 23 Movement / Congolese Revolutionary Army (M23/ARC), Commander of the North-West Defence Zone.Father: Erasto Ntibaturana (Hutu customary leader in Busumba)Function/rank: Brigadier-General of the March 23 Movement / Congolese Revolutionary Army (M23/ARC), Commander of the North-West Defence Zone.Father: Erasto Ntibaturana (Hutu customary leader in Busumba)Function/rank: Brigadier-General of the March 23 Movement / Congolese Revolutionary Army (M23/ARC)Father: Erasto Ntibaturana (Hutu customary leader in Busumba)38066BitakwiraJustinBihona-HayiCongo DRJustin Bitakwira is a Congolese politician, former government minister and member of the political party “Union for the Congolese Nation”. In February 2025, he was appointed by President Tshisekedi to be responsible for the Wazalendo in South Kivu in the National Parliament.In his public speeches, he has repeatedly incited violence and encouraged discrimination and hostility towards the Banyamulenge community, which has been targeted and attacked by armed groups.Those inflammatory speeches and narratives contribute to fuelling the conflict and violence in the DRC, in particular in the Hauts-Plateaux region characterised by inter-communal conflicts.Justin Bitakwira is therefore responsible for sustaining the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC, through inciting violence.Position: national deputy, responsible for the Wazalendo in South KivuFunction or profession: politician, former national minister and president of the Alliance for the Republic and National ConsciousnessJustin Bitakwira is a Congolese politician, former government minister and member of the political party “Union for the Congolese Nation”. In February 2025, he was appointed by President Tshisekedi to be responsible for the Wazalendo in South Kivu in the National Parliament.In his public speeches, he has repeatedly incited violence and encouraged discrimination and hostility towards the Banyamulenge community, which has been targeted and attacked by armed groups.Those inflammatory speeches and narratives contribute to fuelling the conflict and violence in the DRC, in particular in the Hauts-Plateaux region characterised by inter-communal conflicts.Justin Bitakwira is therefore responsible for sustaining the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC, through inciting violence.Position: national deputy, responsible for the Wazalendo in South KivuFunction or profession: politician, former national minister and president of the Alliance for the Republic and National ConsciousnessJustin Bitakwira is a Congolese politician, former government minister and member of the political party “Union for the Congolese Nation”.In his public speeches, he has repeatedly incited violence and encouraged discrimination and hostility towards the Banyamulenge community, which has been targeted and attacked by armed groups. Those inflammatory speeches and narratives contribute to fuelling the conflict and violence in the DRC, in particular in the Hauts-Plateaux region characterised by inter-communal conflicts.Justin Bitakwira is therefore responsible for sustaining the armed conflict, instability and insecurity in the DRC, through inciting violence.Function or profession: politician, former national minister and president of the Alliance for the Republic and National ConsciousnessMasisiCongo DRLemeraCongo DRKalunyoKamombo, South KivuCongo DR